Federal Student Loan Program - What Is It?

Why is the federal Government involved in fundingIn some ways the private sector has adopted some
education? The answer is simple - it has to or millionsof the mechanisms of the federal government. In
of Americans would not go to college as the 'debtApril 2006 the Nations leading provider of education
burden' would be too great to deal with!funding, Sallie Mae, introduced a new Private
A survey taken in 2004 revealed that 92% felt thatConsolidation Loan allowing holders of private
federal financial assistance provided to low and middleeducation loans from any lender to combine 'eligible'
income students and their families through the federalloans into one loan with a single monthly
program is now more important than it was a fewpayment.--either from Sallie Mae or another lender--to
years ago. Furthermore student debts are onmanage repayment by combining their eligible loans
average greater than $30,000!into a new loan with a single monthly payment, a
The amount of outstanding debt that you can accruepotentially lower monthly payment amount and an
is up to $23,000 so for the average student there isextended repayment term.
a shortfall in funding - but at least this assistance
represents about 75% of the total debt. This isThe Federal Governments Role
especially true for graduate and health professionalThe loan consolidation program is available to
students. More often than not students also havestudents currently in college or for graduates. The
part time vacation work (at least I did!) to offset theGovernment has set up the Federal Family Education
costs but this can and does, in many cases, harmLoan Program (FFELP) which provides low interest
academic results and therefore employability in an(usually substantially lower) consolidation for students
ever increasingly competitive work environment!from low income families. The Federal Direct
Subsidized Loan is need-based. The benefits to the
So how does it work?student include some tax deductability but one of the
To examine how it works is to look at themain benefits is the ability to pay back only the
circumstances that would lead a student to apply.interest whilst the student is still at college and full
Students tend to accumulate debt over time andpayment of interest and principal does not start until
most lending companies are happy to lend for twothe graduate has had a job for six months.
reasons. Firstly to gain a customer and secondly toIf the applicant fails to get a subsidized loan, usually a
make money - no surprises here. However studentsStafford loan there is still the option of taking out an
from lower income families find that as each loanunsubsidized Stafford Loan - the main difference
accumulates on the other the interest rate chargebeing only in the interest payment and grace period
can increase. In this situation a 'consolidation' is usuallysubsidy.
considered i.e. the debts are merged into a singleConclusion
debt with a single payment.The federal student loan program is dynamic and
There are two methods:competitive. It provides the opportunity to millions of
1. By going to private lenders such as banks directlyAmerican students to gain access to an education
or,that they would not otherwise have. The resources
2. By Applying for a federal loan program.of the Government and large lending companies like
Sallie Mae ensure that rates and options available are
The Private Sectorcontinue to be accessible to those most in need.