| | | | | Authority. |
| | | | | Today’s security industry is a far cry from the |
| How to professionalize the security industry | | | | night watch of yester year. It is a multi-billion pound |
| After more than 400 years the private security | | | | global industry, employs three times more people |
| industry in the UK can claim advances in proficiency | | | | than the police and engages in a raft of activities |
| yet continues to fall behind in its pursuit of | | | | from event management to ferrying millions of |
| professionalism. As a private security analyst, I’ll | | | | pounds each day to businesses around the country. |
| tell you why I believe the industry needs to do more | | | | More recently it has become involved in the |
| to break away from a public perception that has it as | | | | transportation of prisoners, |
| no more than a force of ‘night watchmen.’ | | | | However, the industry is faced with a number of |
| I strongly believe that there is no room in the | | | | very important questions: |
| industry for watchmen. Instead, the industry needs | | | | |
| to develop a clear career path for those who join, | | | | Step One to Professionalizing – Definition |
| and demonstrate that it is an industry with the ability | | | | As security professionals how do we define |
| to make a significant contribution to the overall | | | | ourselves? And what powers do we have? If we |
| security of the country. | | | | are to dispel the notion that we are just night |
| As a store detective, I worked with a number of the | | | | watchmen to be called upon as the need arises, the |
| country’s larger retailers. Constant contact with | | | | issue of definition needs to begin with the |
| customers enabled me to track a variety of | | | | government, police and other stalwarts of security in |
| situations but, after around 3 years there are two | | | | this country. We are a significant part of the |
| incidents that remain with me. | | | | security structure and we are on the frontline of the |
| The first happened during my first day on duty at a | | | | prevention and maintenance of law and order. But |
| store in Camberley. A couple entered the store and | | | | we are a 21st century force with a sixteenth century |
| headed for the coat section. The lady removed a | | | | mandate. We face modern day challenges and are |
| coat from the hanger, tried it on and casually walked | | | | expected to tackle them without the necessary tools |
| over to the exit and with her partner made a run for | | | | or legislation. Consequently, the professionalizing |
| a waiting car-The cost of the coat… £900 - Why | | | | process has to begin with an amendment in the |
| high value coats were not protected better and why | | | | Private Security Industry Act that provides a clear |
| were they so close to the exit? These are questions | | | | definition of our roles and powers. |
| I asked myself. | | | | Step Two to Professionalizing – Training |
| So with this in mind whenever I was assigned to a | | | | Whilst on duty in Camberley, I noticed two women |
| retail store, during my store tour, I identified items of | | | | stuffing their handbags with jewelry. I radioed CCTV |
| high value and determined whether they were | | | | control to keep a watch on them while I observed |
| positioned in a location that facilitated their easy | | | | them from a distance. When they were satisfied that |
| removal from the store. I always submitted my | | | | they had taken enough, they walked out of the |
| findings with suggestions for improved security to | | | | store without paying for the merchandise. There |
| the store management. Some managers cooperated | | | | were already two security officers positioned at the |
| but most of them didn’t. After all I am only a | | | | exit, so as they exited the store they were |
| ‘security,’ what do I know? | | | | apprehended. While leading them towards the holding |
| On another occasion I was assigned to a store in | | | | room, one of the ladies dropped to the floor at the |
| London Colney. It was located in the middle of | | | | entrance of the store and refused to stand up. It |
| nowhere, and no more than two minutes from the | | | | took three officers almost forty-five minutes to |
| motorway. Two big retailers shared the site. | | | | safely move her to the holding room. |
| The store I guarded had two fire exits that opened | | | | A few weeks after this incident, I was assigned to a |
| towards the motorway. The toilets were situated | | | | store in Cheshunt. While patrolling the aisles, I noticed |
| between the two stores. For me, this meant that a | | | | a female customer remove a scarf and jumper and |
| shoplifter could take bags of merchandise towards | | | | concealed them in her handbag. I kept her in my sight |
| the toilet but since technically they are still within the | | | | until she stepped out of the store without paying. I |
| confines of the store security could not interrogate | | | | approached her and identified myself as a security |
| or apprehend them. | | | | officer. On hearing this she sped off. I chased after |
| The biggest problem though was the merchandising | | | | her and apprehended her in the middle of a car park. |
| of the stock. There were high value coats and | | | | I felt I could handle her on my own. This was until a |
| jackets at the entrance. I raised my concerns in | | | | gentleman approached with a knife and threatened |
| discussion with the store manager and gave him the | | | | me. Because of my training I eventually managed to |
| benefit of my professional opinion, but he did nothing. | | | | subdue him and take control of the situation. No one |
| Within a few hours of our discussion, seven of the | | | | was injured. |
| jackets were snatched. Again, I was proven right. | | | | Like me many security officers are faced with |
| You see, the store’s location made it easy for | | | | potentially dangerous situations every day but too |
| shoplifters to drive up to the store, make a quick | | | | many of them are inadequately trained to deal with |
| grab, dash and speed off back onto the motorway. | | | | unpleasant situations. |
| After that incident I advised the manager to remove | | | | 1. |
| the rest of the jackets from the entrance. He | | | | There needs to be three stages of training: |
| informed me that the plan for arranging merchandise | | | | Pre-licensing, Continuous development and |
| on the shop floor comes directly from their head | | | | Specialization |
| office. I suggested that maybe he needed to call the | | | | Pre Licensing |
| head office and inform them that his store was | | | | The SIA needs to recruit an adult literacy expert to |
| located in the middle of a ‘free for all’ and | | | | work with industry professionals to design a training |
| the current layout was unsuitable for this location. He | | | | programme. The way the current programme is |
| listened but never acted on my advice. A few days | | | | designed makes it impossible for anyone to absorb all |
| later thirteen of the jackets were stolen. Finally he | | | | the required information in 30 hours and be able to |
| decided to remove them from the entrance. But his | | | | use it effectively. |
| organization had already lost £5000. | | | | Continuous Development |
| Why didn’t the manager listen to me? Maybe | | | | Along with the pre-licensing course work, there |
| it’s because Security officers have always had a | | | | needs to be an in-house course designed for security |
| love hate relationship with retail managers. | | | | companies that will be used internally to further |
| At times I feel that security is seen by most security | | | | develop new & seasoned security officers. |
| buyers as a grudge purchase or an unneeded | | | | Developments in security legislation should be |
| expense, instead of an investment. The main reason | | | | incorporated into any continuous training & |
| for this perception has been the industry’s | | | | development programme. Security officers should |
| inability to clearly define its role in the security | | | | also be assessed every 3 years to ensure that they |
| pyramid of the UK. Everyone knows that the Police | | | | are complying with the legislation. The renewal of |
| are responsible for enforcing the law, the Armed | | | | their license will depend on their continued |
| Forces defend sovereignty, MI5 and MI6 are internal | | | | development and knowledge of the industry... |
| and external operatives. Who or what is a security | | | | Specialised Training |
| officer? How does the industry define itself? In | | | | 1. |
| marketing there is a saying that it’s not what is | | | | If Security officers expect to be treated like |
| said but how it is said. It seems to me that the | | | | professionals, then we must begin to behave as |
| industry has been unable to define itself to the | | | | professionals. There is no professional in the world |
| country and sadly for those who have chosen | | | | that undergoes only 30 hours of training in their |
| private security as a vocation. | | | | lifetime. With the barrier for entry into the security |
| Four Hundred Years On | | | | industry so low we need to raise the level of training |
| The concept of private security is not a modern | | | | to give us the extra recognition we require to be |
| phenomenon. In fact, private security existed in the | | | | seen as a professional industry. |
| UK before the police force. Cave drawings and other | | | | Conclusion |
| archaeological findings clearly attest to the fact that | | | | In this country we have a few of the best |
| the issue of safety has long been the concern of | | | | institutions in the world: the BBC, Oxford & |
| man from the beginning of time. The earliest security | | | | Cambridge, Scotland Yard, Fleet Street and above all |
| officers can be traced back to the 1600s when out | | | | the British Armed Forces. For centuries these |
| of the desire to protect their property, wealthy | | | | institutions have been setting standards for the rest |
| merchants established a private security force known | | | | of the world to follow. The introduction of the SIA |
| at the time as ‘Shiver and Shake Watch’. | | | | was another opportunity for Britain to set the |
| This was followed by the Bow Street Runners and | | | | standard and create a model of professionalism within |
| eventually the Marine Police Force, sometimes known | | | | the private security industry for the rest of the |
| as the Thames River Police and believed to be | | | | world to copy and learn from. After all we were the |
| England's first professional Police force. | | | | first country to introduce the concept of licensing in |
| It was formed in 1798 by magistrate Patrick | | | | the security industry. However, the current structure |
| Colquhoun and a Master Mariner John Harriott, to | | | | is not designed for the extra tasks it is expected to |
| tackle theft and looting from ships anchored in the | | | | undertake. The SIA was created to license security |
| Pool of London and the lower reaches of the river... | | | | officers and accredit security companies. |
| The 1800s saw the creation of what can be | | | | Therefore professionalizing the private security |
| considered the modern police force when the | | | | Industry will require: |
| concept of the rights of the individual began to take | | | | 1. Redefining the mandate of the SIA and |
| hold. For the first time tax revenues were used to | | | | restructuring it with the appropriate framework and |
| pay for night watch. | | | | mechanisms |
| With the development of trade and the expansion of | | | | 2. Defining our role within the grand scheme of the |
| the free market economy also came laws that | | | | security structure in the UK |
| illegalised many previous practices. At the same time | | | | 3. Creating a set of criteria for entry |
| an increase in serious crime brought pressure to bear | | | | 4. Revamping the training regime to make it fit for |
| on the local constabulary and forced officers to | | | | purpose |
| prioritize their response, | | | | The UK private security industry is seen by some as |
| Once again wealthy individuals decided to purchase | | | | a gravy train, run by people who have never worked |
| their own security. This saw emergence of a more | | | | a single day as a security officer. If we are truly |
| wide spread and professional private security | | | | serious about professionalizing the industry, we will |
| industry. Like most privately owned businesses, the | | | | need to engage with those who understand the |
| private security industry was left to operate under | | | | challenges facing the various stake holders. |
| its own code. The result was near anarchy as criminal | | | | Let those who regulate the security industry be |
| gangs drifted into an increasingly profitable industry. | | | | reminded that there is no place in the 21st century |
| In an attempt to regulate the industry in 2001, | | | | for an institution that is run along the lines that made |
| parliament enacted the Private Security Industry Act. | | | | it fit for purpose in the sixteenth century. |
| That led to the formation of the Security Industry | | | | |