Retirement vs College Savings - Overcoming the Funding Conundrum

Life is a constant juggling act. Every day we jugglefuture tomorrow.
tasks, time, people and goals. This is especially trueGet the Kids Involved
when it comes to balancing financial goals, wherebyParents should be straightforward with their children
time is not the scarce resource, but money is. Theabout how much they will be able to afford. If the
future can seem especially daunting for youngchild wants to go to a "name-brand" school that
families balancing retirement funding goals and collegecosts $35,000 a year, but the parents can only
planning for their children. When a dollar can onlyafford $15,000 a year, the student can take part in
stretch so far, how can you effectively plan forthe choice to find alternative financing or go to the
both?more cost effective school. Remind them that if
Advanced education is vital, but it comes at a cost.mommy and daddy don't have enough money in
Short of saving for retirement or buying your dreamretirement, because they spent all their money on
home, no other expense has that great an impact oncollege funding, they should get used to the idea of
the family finances. College costs increase at abouthaving them as roommates to support when they're
twice the inflation rate. Current increases haveall grown up. So, run the numbers together to see
averaged 5% to 8%. In fact, it is estimated that bywhich universities your family can afford. Compare
2020, a four year college education could be as muchthe costs of attending public vs. private institutions
as $287,000 at a private institution and $133,000 at aand consider the possibilities for financial aid.
public one, based on College Board estimates. Ouch.The federal government has made it possible for
But, are youreally prepared to sacrifice your ownvirtually anyone to attend college, despite cost and
financial security during retirement for your child'sdespite parent's income. Student loans and parent
education?loans are readily available at low interest rates and
As expensive as it is to send junior to college,payments are often deferred until the student
retirement is even costlier. Sadly, nearly half ofgraduates (for most full time students). Too many
American households are not saving at all; and twofamilies incorrectly assume that they won't qualify
thirds are not saving enough to retire adequately.because they feel they are too wealthy, but this is
Couple that challenge with a desire to fund yournot the case. The application process may be
child's education and you may have a serioussomewhat cumbersome, but the benefits far
economic dilemma on your hands.outweigh the (time) costs.
Paying for SchoolThe best financial aid, of course, is free money. Much
College expenses are traditionally paid from one ofof the student financial aid comes in the form of
several sources: parent's current income, financialaidloans, but there are grants and scholarships readily
scholarships/grants, and parent's personal savings.available for that patient enough to search for them,
Over the past several years, however, a proliferationand qualify for them. Check out The College Board
of college savings programs have been introducedfor more information about college costs, scholarship
including prepaid tuition programs, including:search strategies and financial aid.
Coverdell Education Savings AccountsWorking While Studying
Formerly called Education IRAs, a Coverdell ESAParents who wish to only partially subsidize education
allows you to put $2,000 away each year per child (iffor their kids (or not fund it at all) have a number of
eligible), and you can usually invest the moneyalternatives. Students can apply for loans, work-study
however you like. Distributions are tax-free whenor (gasp) get a job. Asking a college student to work
used for qualified elementary and secondaryand/or take out loans may not seem attractive now
education, as well as qualified college education(especially for the student). But, there is something
expenses.to be said about a child that works his way through
Prepaid Tuition Programsschool. They're often hungrier, eager and motivated
Prepaid tuition plans are college savings plans that areto succeed. Those traits can take you far in life. In
guaranteed to increase in value at the same rate asfact, some of the best and brightest professionals
college tuition. The main benefit of these plans is thathave managed to do well in school while also
they allow a student's parents to lock in tuition atmanaging a job, presentcompany included. After all,
current rates. While the state plans vary, if thethe kids can get student loans to fund education, but
student attends an in-state public college, the planwhen is the last time you heard of retirees taking
pays the tuition and required fees. If the studentloans to fund their retirement?
decides to attend a private or out-of-state college,Consider a Whole-Portfolio Approach to Investing
the plans typically pay the average of in-state publicDon't want to bother compartmentalizing your "pots
college tuition.of money"? No problem. Many of my clients have
529 College Savings Plansopted for a more holistic planning approach. A
These plans are a popular choice because they offerwhole-portfolio approach takes into account all of
the account owner control andflexibility, combinedyour taxable and tax favored investment accounts.
with special income tax and estate benefits. SectionWith this approach, you can always earmark certain
529 college savings plans are tax-exempt collegebuckets of your portfolio for certain things. But
savings vehicles with a low impact on need-basedputting it all together in one portfolio provides a
financial aid eligibility. Unlike prepaid tuition plans, therebig-picture view of your overall asset allocation. That
is no lock on tuition rates and no guarantee.way you can manage your total portfolio risk at any
Investments are subject to market conditions, andgiven time.
the savings may not be sufficient to cover all collegeThis approach allows you to incorporate your various
costs. However, with this added risk comes togoals, including college and retirement, into the big
opportunity for potentially earning greater returns.picture as you plan for future spending needs. You
Today, there are many choices available for parents,may find that the financial pie is actually big enough
but the most important consideration in planning forfor both, or you may need to adjust one goal or
college or retirement is to start saving as early asanother.
possible. The earlier you start to save, the lower theClosing
regular contributions will have to be. It's never tooSo, which one is it-college or retirement? Ideally, you
late, or too early to start.don't want to sacrifice one goal for the other. Try to
Set Prioritiesbalance the two so you don't shortchange your
It's not easy to be a disciplined saver, but there is nofuture or your children's in the process. The decision
way to survive this funding conundrum without it. Into put your child's education before your own
an age where instant gratification is a way of life, it'sretirement is not only an economic decision, but also,
tempting to spend today and worry tomorrow.an emotional one. Parents feel a sense ofobligation to
Spend less and save more, while unpopular advice, isprovide a better way of life for their kids, but if they
necessary advice. The alternative will get youplan carefully, they won't have to risk their own well
nowhere. So, setting and maintaining a budget will bebeingin order to accomplish this.
critical to your success. It's nice to spoil our children,The consequences of funding education before
but do they really need fifty-seven Xbox games infunding retirement may lead to inadequate retirement
their collection? Is that trip to Disney really necessaryfunds orprolonging your work years. The choice is
every year? Sacrifice today will help assure a betteryours, so choose wisely.