Teachers Need Literacy to Help Their Students Learn in the 21st Century

The approach we have taken in this study adds tocontent literacy for teachers. Although most teachers
our understanding of the resistance of preservicewould agree that knowing students well is important
teachers to content area literacy. It alsofor motivating learning, our work shows that
demonstrates how a convergence of perspectivesteachers should also know how students' discursive
from teacher educators in both literacy and thepractices shape opportunities to learn science and
content areas can be generative of new insights andmathematics.
questions (Draper, 2008; Forman & Ansell, 2001; 
Lemke, 1990; Shanahan & Shanahan, 2008;Further, teachers' abilities to recognize and address
Tuckey & Anderson, 2008). Such questionsstudents' struggles with school-based discursive
include, How does coming to understand the literacypractices may depend, in part, on their abilities to
practices of a content area reshape preserviceunderstand how meaning is shaped by authority, how
teachers' own understandings of content knowledgeliteracy practices Merrell Shoes are dialogic, and how
and how to teach it The work begun here alsoliteracy practices are contextual. These are promising
suggests that Merrell Boots teachers need toavenues for influencing knowledge and dispositions of
understand not only the literacy practices of theirmathematics and science preservice teachers. In turn,
content area but also the literacy practices of theirthis may help them to meet the needs of diverse
students. What does such understanding look like,learners in this changing literacy landscape.
and how might it develop what approaches might 
foster this kind of learning within preservice teacherIn summary, we contend that the literacy practices
education.surrounding content understanding in science and
 mathematics are so familiar to preservice teachers as
A basic challenge facing content area literacyto be largely implicit. This investigation challenged
instruction has been to convince preservice teacherspreservice teachers' basic presumptions about the
that literacy belongs in the content classroom. Ourrole of literacy in the learning and teaching of science
approach of focusing on problematic content tasksand mathematics content. In doing so, previously
helped preservice teachers see that literacy practicesinvisible discursive practices were made visible. We
are actually already there. Rather than focusing onbelieve that teachers who see how literacy is central
content and literacy, we made progress toward anto understanding content can also see how content
emergent understanding of the literacy practices ofarea literacy approaches help students learn content
content. We suggest that the discursivebetter. Teachers will need this kind of powerful
metaknowledge of literacy practices of contentliteracy to help their students learn in the 21st
contributes to a productive notion of powerfulcentury.