The Big Squeeze - The Coming Crisis in American Higher Education

Most Americans already know that a crisis isCrisis: American Students Will Be Unable to Train for
happening in American higher education.Available Jobs
Tuition costs are surging, putting a college educationThe days of the English major, the philosophy major,
out of reach for many Americans. College grads areand the general studies major may be numbered, as
defaulting on college loans. They cannot find jobs inmore students seek training for jobs that they can
the fields they trained for.actually find after graduation. They are training as
Those trends make the news every day. Yet theymedical technicians, computer programmers and air
are only the most visible signs of deeper troublesconditioning technicians. Yet just as students are
that threaten to destabilize American higher educationlooking for practical training, the sources of that
in the coming years. Let's take a closer look.training are harder to find, for a few reasons.
Coming Crisis: Colleges Will Price themselves FurtherFirst, community colleges are no longer offering as
and Further Out of Reachmuch practical training as they once did. To attract
According to the U.S. Census, the median income ofmore students, many have modified their course
U.S. households in 1970 was $8,390. By 1989, it hasofferings to become more like private institutions.
risen to $28,910. And by 2005, it was $46,326. ThoseWhile President Obama has pledged to invest heavily
figures indicate that Americans today are earningin community colleges and upgrade their training
about 5.5 the salaries that they earned 40 years ago.programs, the changes are long overdue.
How much have college costs grown? According toSecond, for-profit colleges and universities are in
the Congressional Budget Office, the average yearlytrouble. A number of them are being investigated
tuition at a four-year public American university inright now by Congress because of shady recruiting
1970 was $480. The average tuition at a four-yearpractices and abuse of government programs for
private college or university was a lot higher, atfunding higher education. It seems likely that a
$1,980.number of for-profit schools will shut their doors.
Today, according to data from The College Board,The result? American students will find it harder to
tuition and fees at four-year state universitiesfind schools that offer the practical training they need
currently average $7,020 per year for students whoto secure jobs.
live in- state, and $11,528 for students who live outAnd we all know what can happen when a country's
of state. And private four-year colleges charge anworkers are under-trained, compared to workers in
average or $26,273 per year in tuition and fees.other countries. The result will likely be further
So tuition costs are rising at a rate that far outpacesdamage to the American economy and business.
the growth in income of the typical AmericanWhat Will Save American Higher Education?
household. While income has grown by a factor of 5.5The trends outlined above are grim. Yet the situation
in the last 40 years, the cost of attending a stateis far from hopeless. A number of positive trends are
college has increased by a factor of 15 for in-stateat work that point to the possibility that American
students and by a factor of about 24 forhigher education is not going away, but simply
out-of-state students. And the cost of attending achanging.
private college has increased by a factor of more* America still has the strongest educational
than 13.infrastructure in the world. We simply have more
And colleges are planning tuition increases for thecolleges and universities than any other country. Many
coming years. It's the big squeeze. For manyof these institutions are already reinventing
American families, the dream of sending a child tothemselves by offering distance learning options,
college is slipping even further out of reach.three-year degree programs and other incentives for
Crisis: American Colleges Will Closemodern learners.
Endowments at American colleges and universities* Americans' desire for education remains strong.
have dropped dramatically during the currentWith so many of our citizens hungering for learning,
economic downturn. At the University of Delaware,there is ample incentive for colleges to develop new
the endowment shrank by 24.8%. Gettysburglearning options for them.
College lost 25.3%, and the list goes on and on.* The timeline of education has changed. More
Top-tier, well-funded institutions will weather theAmericans are returning to college at all stages of life.
crisis. But a growing number of smaller AmericanThe result is that a larger pool of Americans who are
private colleges and universities are already finding itinterested in higher education.
difficult to attract enough tuition-paying* Distance learning is moving into the forefront of
undergraduates to keep their doors open. WithAmerican higher education. As Bill Gates predicted on
increasing frequency, these schools are making theirAugust 9 in his talk at the Techonomy conference in
troubles known.Lake Tahoe, it is already possible to deliver a college
There's another reason that colleges are in trouble.education over the Internet for as little as $2,000.
With the lack of jobs awaiting graduates, it is difficultIn the end, we predict that American ingenuity will
to convince many American families that it is reallynot only survive these crises, but turn America into a
worth paying $30,000, $40,000 or more a year tonew kind of community of learners.
earn a college degree.